ABSTRACT
Introduction. Currently, one of the promising antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 is remdesivir. For a final decision on the inclusion of this drug in the international recommendations for the treatment of COVID-19, further studies are needed to evaluate its effectiveness and safety in patients with COVID-19. The aim of the study is to study the clinical efficacy of remdesivir in the comprehensive therapy of patients with moderate severity of COVID-19. Materials and methods of research. In the study data was analyzed from 80 medical records of an inpatient patient with a moderate form of COVID-19. The work was carried out in accordance with the task of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan as part of a clinical study which is an open retrospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of remdesivir in the comprehensive treatment of patients with COVID-19. The experimental group (the main group) consisted of 40 patients with a moderate form of COVID-19 were prescribed remdesivir at a dose of 200 mg IV on 1st day, then 100 mg IV daily, for a total of 5-7 days in addition to standard therapy. The comparison group (control group) consisted of 40 patients who received pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy without remdesivir in accordance with the clinical protocol. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by methods of descriptive statistics, using a comparative analysis by the T-test Student method, frequency analysis, Chi-square calculations with the IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 and Jamovi programs. Results and discussion. The study showed that an early start of antiviral therapy with Remdesivir compared to standard therapy without an antiviral drug in patients with a moderate form of COVID-19 is associated with a statistically significant clinical improvement and a large percentage of virus elimination from the upper respiratory tract proved by molecular genetic study. In the group of patients receiving remdesivir, complete remission of the disease with normalization of body temperature and no complaints for 7 days of hospitalization was significantly more often than in the comparison group. Antiviral therapy with the remdesivir was prescribed to patients with concomitant pathology (diabetes mellitus, obesity, arterial hypertension), which is a risk factor for a severe, unfavorable course of the disease. There were no cases of deterioration of the patient's condition due to the progression of the infectious process during the use of remdesivir. Whereas in the control group, 10% of patients had progression of the disease with the development of complications. All these patients had risk factors for the development of severe COVID-19. Conclusion. The results obtained showed that the remdesivir is an effective antiviral drug in the comprehensive treatment of COVID-19 coronavirus infection of moderate severity. Early administration of the drug in patients with a moderate form of the disease can prevent the progression of the disease to a more severe condition and the development of complications that require additional medical interventions. This drug can be used in patients with concomitant pathologies that are risk factors for a severe, unfavorable course of coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.